wagtail/docs/settings.rst

==============================
Configuring Django for Wagtail
==============================

To install Wagtail completely from scratch, create a new Django project and an app within that project. For instructions on these tasks, see `Writing your first Django app <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/intro/tutorial01/>`_. Your project directory will look like the following::

  myproject/
      myproject/
          __init__.py
          settings.py
          urls.py
          wsgi.py
      myapp/
          __init__.py
          models.py
          tests.py
          admin.py
          views.py
      manage.py

From your app directory, you can safely remove ``admin.py`` and ``views.py``, since Wagtail will provide this functionality for your models. Configuring Django to load Wagtail involves adding modules and variables to ``settings.py`` and urlconfs to ``urls.py``. For a more complete view of what's defined in these files, see `Django Settings <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/settings/>`__ and `Django URL Dispatcher <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/http/urls/>`_. 

What follows is a settings reference which skips many boilerplate Django settings. If you just want to get your Wagtail install up quickly without fussing with settings at the moment, see :ref:`complete_example_config`.


Middleware (settings.py)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: python

  MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

    'wagtail.wagtailcore.middleware.SiteMiddleware',

    'wagtail.wagtailredirects.middleware.RedirectMiddleware',
  )

Wagtail requires several common Django middleware modules to work and cover basic security. Wagtail provides its own middleware to cover these tasks:

``SiteMiddleware``
  Wagtail routes pre-defined hosts to pages within the Wagtail tree using this middleware. For configuring sites, see :ref:`wagtail_site_admin`.

``RedirectMiddleware``
  Wagtail provides a simple interface for adding arbitrary redirects to your site and this module makes it happen.


Apps (settings.py)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: python

  INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'south',
    'compressor',
    'taggit',
    'modelcluster',
    'django.contrib.admin',

    'wagtail.wagtailcore',
    'wagtail.wagtailadmin',
    'wagtail.wagtaildocs',
    'wagtail.wagtailsnippets',
    'wagtail.wagtailusers',
    'wagtail.wagtailimages',
    'wagtail.wagtailembeds',
    'wagtail.wagtailsearch',
    'wagtail.wagtailredirects',
    'wagtail.wagtailforms',

    'myapp',  # your own app
  )

Wagtail requires several Django app modules, third-party apps, and defines several apps of its own. Wagtail was built to be modular, so many Wagtail apps can be omitted to suit your needs. Your own app (here ``myapp``) is where you define your models, templates, static assets, template tags, and other custom functionality for your site.


Third-Party Apps
----------------

``south``
  Used for database migrations. See `South Documentation`_.

.. _South Documentation: http://south.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

``compressor``
  Static asset combiner and minifier for Django. Compressor also enables for the use of preprocessors. See `Compressor Documentation`_.

.. _Compressor Documentation: http://django-compressor.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

``taggit``
  Tagging framework for Django. This is used internally within Wagtail for image and document tagging and is available for your own models as well. See :ref:`tagging` for a Wagtail model recipe or the `Taggit Documentation`_.

.. _Taggit Documentation: http://django-taggit.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html

``modelcluster``
  Extension of Django ForeignKey relation functionality, which is used in Wagtail pages for on-the-fly related object creation. For more information, see :ref:`inline_panels` or `the django-modelcluster github project page`_.

.. _the django-modelcluster github project page: https://github.com/torchbox/django-modelcluster

``django.contrib.admin``
  The Django admin module. While Wagtail will eventually provide a sites-editing interface, the Django admin is included for now to provide that functionality.


Wagtail Apps
------------

``wagtailcore``
  The core functionality of Wagtail, such as the ``Page`` class, the Wagtail tree, and model fields.

``wagtailadmin``
  The administration interface for Wagtail, including page edit handlers.

``wagtaildocs``
  The Wagtail document content type.

``wagtailsnippets``
  Editing interface for non-Page models and objects. See :ref:`Snippets`.

``wagtailusers``
  User editing interface.

``wagtailimages``
  The Wagtail image content type.

``wagtailembeds``
  Module governing oEmbed and Embedly content in Wagtail rich text fields. See :ref:`inserting_videos`.

``wagtailsearch``
  Search framework for Page content. See :ref:`search`.

``wagtailredirects``
  Admin interface for creating arbitrary redirects on your site. See :ref:`redirects`.

``wagtailforms``
  Models for creating forms on your pages and viewing submissions. See :ref:`form_builder`.


Settings Variables (settings.py)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Authentication
--------------

.. code-block:: python

  LOGIN_URL = 'wagtailadmin_login'
  LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'wagtailadmin_home'

These settings variables set the Django authentication system to redirect to the Wagtail admin login. If you plan to use the Django authentication module to log in non-privileged users, you should set these variables to your own login views. See `Django User Authentication`_.

.. _Django User Authentication: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/


Site Name
---------

.. code-block:: python

  WAGTAIL_SITE_NAME = 'Stark Industries Skunkworks'

This is the human-readable name of your Wagtail install which welcomes users upon login to the Wagtail admin.


Search
------

.. code-block:: python

  # Override the search results template for wagtailsearch
  WAGTAILSEARCH_RESULTS_TEMPLATE = 'myapp/search_results.html'
  WAGTAILSEARCH_RESULTS_TEMPLATE_AJAX = 'myapp/includes/search_listing.html'

  # Replace the search backend
  WAGTAILSEARCH_BACKENDS = {
    'default': {
      'BACKEND': 'wagtail.wagtailsearch.backends.elasticsearch.ElasticSearch',
      'INDEX': 'myapp'
    }
  }

The search settings customize the search results templates as well as choosing a custom backend for search. For a full explanation, see :ref:`search`.


Embeds
------

Wagtail uses the oEmbed standard with a large but not comprehensive number of "providers" (youtube, vimeo, etc.). You can also use a different embed backend by providing an Embedly key or replacing the embed backend by writing your own embed finder function. 

.. code-block:: python

  WAGTAILEMBEDS_EMBED_FINDER = 'myapp.embeds.my_embed_finder_function'

Use a custom embed finder function, which takes a URL and returns a dict with metadata and embeddable HTML. Refer to the ``wagtail.wagtailemebds.embeds`` module source for more information and examples.

.. code-block:: python

  # not a working key, get your own!
  EMBEDLY_KEY = '253e433d59dc4d2xa266e9e0de0cb830'

Providing an API key for the Embedly service will use that as a embed backend, with a more extensive list of providers, as well as analytics and other features. For more information, see `Embedly`_.

.. _Embedly: http://embed.ly/

To use Embedly, you must also install their python module:

.. code-block:: bash

  $ pip install embedly


Images
------

.. code-block:: python

  WAGTAILIMAGES_IMAGE_MODEL = 'myapp.MyImage'

This setting lets you provide your own image model for use in Wagtail, which might extend the built-in ``AbstractImage`` class or replace it entirely.


Email Notifications
-------------------

.. code-block:: python

  WAGTAILADMIN_NOTIFICATION_FROM_EMAIL = 'wagtail@myhost.io'

Wagtail sends email notifications when content is submitted for moderation, and when the content is accepted or rejected. This setting lets you pick which email address these automatic notifications will come from. If omitted, Django will fall back to using the ``DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL`` variable if set, and ``webmaster@localhost`` if not.


Private Pages
-------------

.. code-block:: python

  PASSWORD_REQUIRED_TEMPLATE = 'myapp/password_required.html'

This is the path to the Django template which will be used to display the "password required" form when a user accesses a private page. For more details, see the :ref:`private_pages` documentation.


Other Django Settings Used by Wagtail
-------------------------------------

.. code-block:: python

  ALLOWED_HOSTS
  APPEND_SLASH
  AUTH_USER_MODEL
  BASE_URL
  CACHES
  DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
  INSTALLED_APPS
  MEDIA_ROOT
  SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN
  SESSION_COOKIE_NAME
  SESSION_COOKIE_PATH
  STATIC_URL
  TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS
  USE_I18N

For information on what these settings do, see `Django Settings <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/settings/>`__.


Search Signal Handlers
----------------------

.. code-block:: python

  from wagtail.wagtailsearch import register_signal_handlers as wagtailsearch_register_signal_handlers
  
  wagtailsearch_register_signal_handlers()

This loads Wagtail's search signal handlers, which need to be loaded very early in the Django life cycle. While not technically a urlconf, this is a convenient place to load them. Calling this function registers signal handlers to watch for when indexed models get saved or deleted. This allows wagtailsearch to update ElasticSearch automatically.


URL Patterns
------------

.. code-block:: python

  from django.contrib import admin

  from wagtail.wagtailcore import urls as wagtail_urls
  from wagtail.wagtailadmin import urls as wagtailadmin_urls
  from wagtail.wagtaildocs import urls as wagtaildocs_urls
  from wagtail.wagtailsearch.urls import frontend as wagtailsearch_frontend_urls

  admin.autodiscover()

  urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^django-admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),

    url(r'^admin/', include(wagtailadmin_urls)),
    url(r'^search/', include(wagtailsearch_frontend_urls)),
    url(r'^documents/', include(wagtaildocs_urls)),

    # Optional urlconf for including your own vanilla Django urls/views
    url(r'', include('myapp.urls')),

    # For anything not caught by a more specific rule above, hand over to
    # Wagtail's serving mechanism
    url(r'', include(wagtail_urls)),
  )

This block of code for your project's ``urls.py`` does a few things:

* Load the vanilla Django admin interface to ``/django-admin/``
* Load the Wagtail admin and its various apps
* Dispatch any vanilla Django apps you're using other than Wagtail which require their own urlconfs (this is optional, since Wagtail might be all you need)
* Lets Wagtail handle any further URL dispatching.

That's not everything you might want to include in your project's urlconf, but it's what's necessary for Wagtail to flourish.


.. _complete_example_config:

Ready to Use Example Config Files
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

These two files should reside in your project directory (``myproject/myproject/``).


settings.py
-----------

.. code-block:: python

  import os

  PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..')

  DEBUG = True
  TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

  ADMINS = (
      # ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
  )

  MANAGERS = ADMINS

  # Default to dummy email backend. Configure dev/production/local backend
  # as per https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/email/#email-backends
  EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.dummy.EmailBackend'

  DATABASES = {
      'default': {
          'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
          'NAME': 'myprojectdb',
          'USER': 'postgres',
          'PASSWORD': '',
          'HOST': '',  # Set to empty string for localhost.
          'PORT': '',  # Set to empty string for default.
          'CONN_MAX_AGE': 600,  # number of seconds database connections should persist for
      }
  }

  # Hosts/domain names that are valid for this site; required if DEBUG is False
  # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.5/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts
  ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

  # Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
  # although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
  # On Unix systems, a value of None will cause Django to use the same
  # timezone as the operating system.
  # If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
  # system time zone.
  TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/London'

  # Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
  # http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
  LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-gb'

  SITE_ID = 1

  # If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
  # to load the internationalization machinery.
  USE_I18N = True

  # If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
  # calendars according to the current locale.
  # Note that with this set to True, Wagtail will fall back on using numeric dates
  # in date fields, as opposed to 'friendly' dates like "24 Sep 2013", because
  # Python's strptime doesn't support localised month names: https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/13339
  USE_L10N = False

  # If you set this to False, Django will not use timezone-aware datetimes.
  USE_TZ = True

  # Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
  # Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
  MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'media')

  # URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
  # trailing slash.
  # Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
  MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

  # Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
  # Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
  # in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
  # Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
  STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'static')

  # URL prefix for static files.
  # Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
  STATIC_URL = '/static/'

  # List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
  # various locations.
  STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
      'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
      'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
      'compressor.finders.CompressorFinder',
  )

  # Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
  SECRET_KEY = 'change-me'

  # List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
  TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
      'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
      'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
  )

  MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
      'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
      'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
      'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
      'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
      'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
      'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

      'wagtail.wagtailcore.middleware.SiteMiddleware',

      'wagtail.wagtailredirects.middleware.RedirectMiddleware',
  )

  from django.conf import global_settings
  TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = global_settings.TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS + (
      'django.core.context_processors.request',
  )

  ROOT_URLCONF = 'myproject.urls'

  # Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
  WSGI_APPLICATION = 'wagtaildemo.wsgi.application'

  INSTALLED_APPS = (
      'django.contrib.auth',
      'django.contrib.contenttypes',
      'django.contrib.sessions',
      'django.contrib.messages',
      'django.contrib.staticfiles',

      'south',
      'compressor',
      'taggit',
      'modelcluster',
      'django.contrib.admin',

      'wagtail.wagtailcore',
      'wagtail.wagtailadmin',
      'wagtail.wagtaildocs',
      'wagtail.wagtailsnippets',
      'wagtail.wagtailusers',
      'wagtail.wagtailimages',
      'wagtail.wagtailembeds',
      'wagtail.wagtailsearch',
      'wagtail.wagtailredirects',
      'wagtail.wagtailforms',

      'myapp',
  )

  EMAIL_SUBJECT_PREFIX = '[Wagtail] '

  INTERNAL_IPS = ('127.0.0.1', '10.0.2.2')

  # django-compressor settings
  COMPRESS_PRECOMPILERS = (
      ('text/x-scss', 'django_libsass.SassCompiler'),
  )

  # Auth settings
  LOGIN_URL = 'wagtailadmin_login'
  LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'wagtailadmin_home'

  # A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
  # performed by this configuration is to send an email to
  # the site admins on every HTTP 500 error when DEBUG=False.
  # See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
  # more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
  LOGGING = {
      'version': 1,
      'disable_existing_loggers': False,
      'filters': {
          'require_debug_false': {
              '()': 'django.utils.log.RequireDebugFalse'
          }
      },
      'handlers': {
          'mail_admins': {
              'level': 'ERROR',
              'filters': ['require_debug_false'],
              'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
          }
      },
      'loggers': {
          'django.request': {
              'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
              'level': 'ERROR',
              'propagate': True,
          },
      }
  }


  # WAGTAIL SETTINGS

  # This is the human-readable name of your Wagtail install
  # which welcomes users upon login to the Wagtail admin.
  WAGTAIL_SITE_NAME = 'My Project'

  # Override the search results template for wagtailsearch
  # WAGTAILSEARCH_RESULTS_TEMPLATE = 'myapp/search_results.html'
  # WAGTAILSEARCH_RESULTS_TEMPLATE_AJAX = 'myapp/includes/search_listing.html'

  # Replace the search backend
  #WAGTAILSEARCH_BACKENDS = {
  #  'default': {
  #    'BACKEND': 'wagtail.wagtailsearch.backends.elasticsearch.ElasticSearch',
  #    'INDEX': 'myapp'
  #  }
  #}

  # Wagtail email notifications from address
  # WAGTAILADMIN_NOTIFICATION_FROM_EMAIL = 'wagtail@myhost.io'

  # If you want to use Embedly for embeds, supply a key
  # (this key doesn't work, get your own!)
  # EMBEDLY_KEY = '253e433d59dc4d2xa266e9e0de0cb830'


urls.py
-------

.. code-block:: python

  from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
  from django.conf.urls.static import static
  from django.views.generic.base import RedirectView
  from django.contrib import admin
  from django.conf import settings
  import os.path

  from wagtail.wagtailcore import urls as wagtail_urls
  from wagtail.wagtailadmin import urls as wagtailadmin_urls
  from wagtail.wagtaildocs import urls as wagtaildocs_urls
  from wagtail.wagtailsearch.urls import frontend as wagtailsearch_frontend_urls

  admin.autodiscover()


  # Signal handlers
  from wagtail.wagtailsearch import register_signal_handlers as wagtailsearch_register_signal_handlers
  wagtailsearch_register_signal_handlers()


  urlpatterns = patterns('',
      url(r'^django-admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),

      url(r'^admin/', include(wagtailadmin_urls)),
      url(r'^search/', include(wagtailsearch_frontend_urls)),
      url(r'^documents/', include(wagtaildocs_urls)),

      # For anything not caught by a more specific rule above, hand over to
      # Wagtail's serving mechanism
      url(r'', include(wagtail_urls)),
  )


  if settings.DEBUG:
      from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns

      urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns() # tell gunicorn where static files are in dev mode
      urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL + 'images/', document_root=os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'images'))
      urlpatterns += patterns('',
          (r'^favicon\.ico$', RedirectView.as_view(url=settings.STATIC_URL + 'myapp/images/favicon.ico'))
      )