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wagtail/docs/advanced_topics/images/renditions.rst

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.. _image_renditions:
Generating renditions in Python
=====================================
Rendered versions of original images generated by the Wagtail ``{% image %}`` template tag are called "renditions",
and are stored as new image files in the site's ``[media]/images`` directory on the first invocation.
Image renditions can also be generated dynamically from Python via the native ``get_rendition()`` method, for example:
.. code-block:: python
newimage = myimage.get_rendition('fill-300x150|jpegquality-60')
If ``myimage`` had a filename of ``foo.jpg``, a new rendition of the image file called
``foo.fill-300x150.jpegquality-60.jpg`` would be generated and saved into the site's ``[media]/images`` directory.
Argument options are identical to the ``{% image %}`` template tag's filter spec, and should be separated with ``|``.
The generated ``Rendition`` object will have properties specific to that version of the image, such as
``url``, ``width`` and ``height``, so something like this could be used in an API generator, for example:
.. code-block:: python
url = myimage.get_rendition('fill-300x186|jpegquality-60').url
Properties belonging to the original image from which the generated Rendition was created, such as ``title``, can
be accessed through the Rendition's ``image`` property:
.. code-block:: python
>>> newimage.image.title
'Blue Sky'
>>> newimage.image.is_landscape()
True
See also: :ref:`image_tag`
.. _prefetching_image_renditions:
Prefetching image renditions
----------------------------
.. versionadded:: 3.0
This following guidance is only applicable in Wagtail versions 3.0 and above.
When using a queryset to render a list of objects with images, you can make use of Django's built-in ``prefetch_related()`` queryset method to prefetch the renditions needed for rendering with a single additional query. For long lists of items, or where multiple renditions are used for each item, this can provide a significant boost to performance.
For example, say you were rendering a list of events (with thumbnail images for each). Your code might look something like this:
.. code-block:: python
def get_events():
return EventPage.objects.live().select_related("listing_image")
The above can be modified slightly to prefetch the renditions for listing images:
.. code-block:: python
def get_events():
return EventPage.objects.live().select_related("listing_image").prefetch_related("listing_image__renditions")
If images in your project tend to have very large numbers of renditions, and you know in advance the ones you need, you might want to consider using a ``Prefetch`` object to select only the renditions you need for rendering. For example:
.. code-block:: python
from django.db.models import Prefetch
from wagtail.images import get_image_model
def get_events():
# These are the renditions required for rendering
renditions_queryset = get_image_model().get_rendition_model().objects.filter(
filter_spec__in=["fill-300x186", "fill-600x400", "fill-940x680"]
)
# `Prefetch` is used to fetch only the required renditions
return EventPage.objects.live().select_related("listing_image").prefetch_related(
Prefetch("listing_image__renditions", queryset=renditions_queryset)
)
.. _image_rendition_methods:
Model methods involved in rendition generation
----------------------------------------------
.. versionadded:: 3.0
The following method references are only applicable to Wagtail versions 3.0 and above.
The following ``AbstractImage`` model methods are involved in finding and generating a renditions. If using a custom image model, you can customise the behaviour of either of these methods by overriding them on your model:
.. automodule:: wagtail.images.models
.. class:: AbstractImage
:noindex:
.. automethod:: get_rendition
.. automethod:: find_existing_rendition
.. automethod:: create_rendition
.. automethod:: generate_rendition_file