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wagtail/docs/search/frontend_views.rst

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.. _wagtailsearch_frontend_views:
Wagtailsearch frontend views
============================
Default Page Search
-------------------
Wagtail provides a default frontend search interface which indexes the ``title`` field common to all ``Page``-derived models. Let's take a look at all the components of the search interface.
The most basic search functionality just needs a search box which submits a request. Since this will be reused throughout the site, let's put it in ``mysite/includes/search_box.html`` and then use ``{% include ... %}`` to weave it into templates:
.. code-block:: django
<form action="{% url 'wagtailsearch_search' %}" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q"{% if query_string %} value="{{ query_string }}"{% endif %}>
<input type="submit" value="Search">
</form>
The form is submitted to the url of the ``wagtailsearch_search`` view, with the search terms variable ``q``. The view will use its own basic search results template.
Let's use our own template for the results, though. First, in your project's ``settings.py``, define a path to your template:
.. code-block:: python
WAGTAILSEARCH_RESULTS_TEMPLATE = 'mysite/search_results.html'
Next, let's look at the template itself:
.. code-block:: django
{% extends "mysite/base.html" %}
{% load pageurl %}
{% block title %}Search{% if search_results %} Results{% endif %}{% endblock %}
{% block search_box %}
{% include "mysite/includes/search_box.html" with query_string=query_string only %}
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h2>Search Results{% if request.GET.q %} for {{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}</h2>
<ul>
{% for result in search_results %}
<li>
<h4><a href="{% pageurl result.specific %}">{{ result.specific }}</a></h4>
{% if result.specific.search_description %}
{{ result.specific.search_description|safe }}
{% endif %}
</li>
{% empty %}
<li>No results found</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}
The search view provides a context with a few useful variables.
``query_string``
The terms (string) used to make the search.
``search_results``
A collection of Page objects matching the query. The ``specific`` property of ``Page`` will give the most-specific subclassed model object for the Wagtail page. For instance, if an ``Event`` model derived from the basic Wagtail ``Page`` were included in the search results, you could use ``specific`` to access the custom properties of the ``Event`` model (``result.specific.date_of_event``).
``is_ajax``
Boolean. This returns Django's ``request.is_ajax()``.
``query``
A Wagtail ``Query`` object matching the terms. The ``Query`` model provides several class methods for viewing the statistics of all queries, but exposes only one property for single objects, ``query.hits``, which tracks the number of time the search string has been used over the lifetime of the site. ``Query`` also joins to the Editor's Picks functionality though ``query.editors_picks``. See :ref:`editors-picks`.
Asynchronous Search with JSON and AJAX
--------------------------------------
Wagtail provides JSON search results when queries are made to the ``wagtailsearch_suggest`` view. To take advantage of it, we need a way to make that URL available to a static script. Instead of hard-coding it, let's set a global variable in our ``base.html``:
.. code-block:: django
<script>
var wagtailJSONSearchURL = "{% url 'wagtailsearch_suggest' %}";
</script>
Now add a simple interface for the search with a ``<input>`` element to gather search terms and a ``<div>`` to display the results:
.. code-block:: html
<div>
<h3>Search</h3>
<input id="json-search" type="text">
<div id="json-results"></div>
</div>
Finally, we'll use JQuery to make the asynchronous requests and handle the interactivity:
.. code-block:: guess
$(function() {
// cache the elements
var searchBox = $('#json-search'),
resultsBox = $('#json-results');
// when there's something in the input box, make the query
searchBox.on('input', function() {
if( searchBox.val() == ''){
resultsBox.html('');
return;
}
// make the request to the Wagtail JSON search view
$.ajax({
url: wagtailJSONSearchURL + "?q=" + searchBox.val(),
dataType: "json"
})
.done(function(data) {
console.log(data);
if( data == undefined ){
resultsBox.html('');
return;
}
// we're in business! let's format the results
var htmlOutput = '';
data.forEach(function(element, index, array){
htmlOutput += '<p><a href="' + element.url + '">' + element.title + '</a></p>';
});
// and display them
resultsBox.html(htmlOutput);
})
.error(function(data){
console.log(data);
});
});
});
Results are returned as a JSON object with this structure:
.. code-block:: guess
{
[
{
title: "Lumpy Space Princess",
url: "/oh-my-glob/"
},
{
title: "Lumpy Space",
url: "/no-smooth-posers/"
},
...
]
}
What if you wanted access to the rest of the results context or didn't feel like using JSON? Wagtail also provides a generalized AJAX interface where you can use your own template to serve results asynchronously.
The AJAX interface uses the same view as the normal HTML search, ``wagtailsearch_search``, but will serve different results if Django classifies the request as AJAX (``request.is_ajax()``). Another entry in your project settings will let you override the template used to serve this response:
.. code-block:: python
WAGTAILSEARCH_RESULTS_TEMPLATE_AJAX = 'myapp/includes/search_listing.html'
In this template, you'll have access to the same context variables provided to the HTML template. You could provide a template in JSON format with extra properties, such as ``query.hits`` and editor's picks, or render an HTML snippet that can go directly into your results ``<div>``. If you need more flexibility, such as multiple formats/templates based on differing requests, you can set up a custom search view.
Custom Search Views
-------------------
This functionality is still under active development to provide a streamlined interface, but take a look at ``wagtail/wagtail/wagtailsearch/views/frontend.py`` if you are interested in coding custom search views.