wagtail/docs/contrib_components/frontendcache.rst

.. _frontend_cache_purging:

Frontend cache invalidation
===========================

.. versionadded:: 0.4

.. versionchanged:: 0.7

   * Multiple backend support added
   * Cloudflare support added

Many websites use a frontend cache such as Varnish, Squid or Cloudflare to gain extra performance. The downside of using a frontend cache though is that they don't respond well to updating content and will often keep an old version of a page cached after it has been updated.

This document describes how to configure Wagtail to purge old versions of pages from a frontend cache whenever a page gets updated.


Setting it up
-------------

Firstly, add ``"wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache"`` to your INSTALLED_APPS:

 .. code-block:: python

     INSTALLED_APPS = [
        ...

        "wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache"
     ]


The ``wagtailfrontendcache`` module provides a set of signal handlers which will automatically purge the cache whenever a page is published or deleted. You should register these somewhere at the top of your ``urls.py`` file:

.. code-block:: python

    # urls.py
    from wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.signal_handlers import register_signal_handlers

    register_signal_handlers()


Varnish/Squid
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Add an item into the ``WAGTAILFRONTENDCACHE`` and set the ``BACKEND`` parameter to ``wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.backends.HTTPBackend``. This backend requires an extra parameter ``LOCATION`` which points to where the cache is running (this must be a direct connection to the server and cannot go through another proxy).

.. code-block:: python

    # settings.py

    WAGTAILFRONTENDCACHE = {
        'varnish': {
            'BACKEND': 'wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.backends.HTTPBackend',
            'LOCATION': 'http://localhost:8000',
        },
    }


Finally, make sure you have configured your frontend cache to accept PURGE requests:

 - `Varnish <https://www.varnish-cache.org/docs/3.0/tutorial/purging.html>`_
 - `Squid <http://wiki.squid-cache.org/SquidFaq/OperatingSquid#How_can_I_purge_an_object_from_my_cache.3F>`_


Cloudflare
^^^^^^^^^^

Firstly, you need to register an account with Cloudflare if you haven't already got one. You can do this here:

Add an item into the ``WAGTAILFRONTENDCACHE`` and set the ``BACKEND`` parameter to ``wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.backends.CloudflareBackend``. This backend requires two extra parameters, ``EMAIL`` (your Cloudflare account email) and ``TOKEN`` (your API token from Cloudflare).

.. code-block:: python

    # settings.py

    WAGTAILFRONTENDCACHE = {
        'cloudflare': {
            'BACKEND': 'wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.backends.CloudflareBackend',
            'EMAIL': 'your-cloudflare-email-address@example.com',
            'TOKEN': 'your cloudflare api token',
        },
    }


Advanced usage
--------------

Invalidating more than one URL per page
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

By default, Wagtail will only purge one URL per page. If your page has more than one URL to be purged, you will need to override the ``get_cached_paths`` method on your page type.

.. code-block:: python

    class BlogIndexPage(Page):
        def get_blog_items(self):
            # This returns a Django paginator of blog items in this section
            return Paginator(self.get_children().live().type(BlogPage), 10)

        def get_cached_paths(self):
            # Yield the main URL
            yield '/'

            # Yield one URL per page in the paginator to make sure all pages are purged
            for page_number in range(1, self.get_blog_items().num_pages):
                yield '/?page=' + str(page_number)


Invalidating index pages
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Another problem is pages that list other pages (such as a blog index) will not be purged when a blog entry gets added, changed or deleted. You may want to purge the blog index page so the updates are added into the listing quickly.

This can be solved by using the ``purge_page_from_cache`` utility function which can be found in the ``wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.utils`` module.

Let's take the the above BlogIndexPage as an example. We need to register a signal handler to run when one of the BlogPages get updated/deleted. This signal handler should call the ``purge_page_from_cache`` function on all BlogIndexPages that contain the BlogPage being updated/deleted.


.. code-block:: python

    # models.py
    from django.db.models.signals import pre_delete

    from wagtail.wagtailcore.signals import page_published
    from wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.utils import purge_page_from_cache


    ...


    def blog_page_changed(blog_page):
        # Find all the live BlogIndexPages that contain this blog_page
        for blog_index in BlogIndexPage.objects.live():
            if blog_page in blog_index.get_blog_items().object_list:
                # Purge this blog index
                purge_page_from_cache(blog_index)


    @register(page_published, sender=BlogPage):
    def blog_published_handler(instance):
        blog_page_changed(instance)


    @register(pre_delete, sender=BlogPage)
    def blog_deleted_handler(instance):
        blog_page_changed(instance)


Invalidating individual URLs
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

``wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.utils`` provides another utils function called ``purge_url_from_cache``. As the name suggests, this purges an individual URL from the cache.

For example, this could be useful for purging a single page of blogs:

.. code-block:: python

    from wagtail.contrib.wagtailfrontendcache.utils import purge_url_from_cache

    # Purge the first page of the blog index
    purge_url_from_cache(blog_index.url + '?page=1')