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svelte/documentation/docs/03-runtime/07-svelte-action.md
Simon H 797b711e3a
docs: tweaks (#8798)
- link to createEventDispatcher typings
- svelte action type error fix
- migration guide tweak
- add back blog post that has gone missing
2023-06-22 19:16:42 +02:00

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---
title: svelte/action
---
Actions are functions that are called when an element is created. They can return an object with a `destroy` method that is called after the element is unmounted:
```svelte
<!--- file: App.svelte --->
<script>
/** @type {import('svelte/action').Action} */
function foo(node) {
// the node has been mounted in the DOM
return {
destroy() {
// the node has been removed from the DOM
}
};
}
</script>
<div use:foo />
```
An action can have a parameter. If the returned value has an `update` method, it will be called immediately after Svelte has applied updates to the markup whenever that parameter changes.
> Don't worry that we're redeclaring the `foo` function for every component instance — Svelte will hoist any functions that don't depend on local state out of the component definition.
```svelte
<!--- file: App.svelte --->
<script>
/** @type {string} */
export let bar;
/** @type {import('svelte/action').Action<HTMLElement, string>} */
function foo(node, bar) {
// the node has been mounted in the DOM
return {
update(bar) {
// the value of `bar` has changed
},
destroy() {
// the node has been removed from the DOM
}
};
}
</script>
<div use:foo={bar} />
```
## Attributes
Sometimes actions emit custom events and apply custom attributes to the element they are applied to. To support this, actions typed with `Action` or `ActionReturn` type can have a last parameter, `Attributes`:
```svelte
<!--- file: App.svelte --->
<script>
/**
* @type {import('svelte/action').Action<HTMLDivElement, { prop: any }, { 'on:emit': (e: CustomEvent<string>) => void }>}
*/
function foo(node, { prop }) {
// the node has been mounted in the DOM
//...LOGIC
node.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('emit', { detail: 'hello' }));
return {
destroy() {
// the node has been removed from the DOM
}
};
}
</script>
<div use:foo={{ prop: 'someValue' }} on:emit={handleEmit} />
```
## Types
> TYPES: svelte/action