Change _async_ to _asynchronous_ in `deprecations.md` to avoid confusion with the `async` keyword. This has the additional minor benefit of being more formal and less conversational prose. PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/15172 Reviewed-By: Timothy Gu <timothygu99@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <targos@protonmail.com> Reviewed-By: Vse Mozhet Byt <vsemozhetbyt@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Yuta Hiroto <hello@about-hiroppy.com> Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <luigipinca@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com> Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
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Deprecated APIs
Node.js may deprecate APIs when either: (a) use of the API is considered to be unsafe, (b) an improved alternative API has been made available, or (c) breaking changes to the API are expected in a future major release.
Node.js utilizes three kinds of Deprecations:
- Documentation-only
- Runtime
- End-of-Life
A Documentation-only deprecation is one that is expressed only within the Node.js API docs. These generate no side-effects while running Node.js.
A Runtime deprecation will, by default, generate a process warning that will
be printed to stderr
the first time the deprecated API is used. When the
--throw-deprecation
command-line flag is used, a Runtime deprecation will
cause an error to be thrown.
An End-of-Life deprecation is used to identify code that either has been removed or will soon be removed from Node.js.
Un-deprecation
From time-to-time the deprecation of an API may be reversed. Such action may happen in either a semver-minor or semver-major release. In such situations, this document will be updated with information relevant to the decision. However, the deprecation identifier will not be modified.
List of Deprecated APIs
DEP0001: http.OutgoingMessage.prototype.flush
Type: Runtime
The OutgoingMessage.prototype.flush()
method is deprecated. Use
OutgoingMessage.prototype.flushHeaders()
instead.
DEP0002: require('_linklist')
Type: Runtime
The _linklist
module is deprecated. Please use a userland alternative.
DEP0003: _writableState.buffer
Type: Runtime
The _writableState.buffer
property is deprecated. Use the
_writableState.getBuffer()
method instead.
DEP0004: CryptoStream.prototype.readyState
Type: Documentation-only
The CryptoStream.prototype.readyState
property is deprecated and should not
be used.
DEP0005: Buffer() constructor
Type: Documentation-only
The Buffer()
function and new Buffer()
constructor are deprecated due to
API usability issues that can potentially lead to accidental security issues.
As an alternative, use of the following methods of constructing Buffer
objects
is strongly recommended:
Buffer.alloc(size[, fill[, encoding]])
- Create aBuffer
with initialized memory.Buffer.allocUnsafe(size)
- Create aBuffer
with uninitialized memory.Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(size)
- Create aBuffer
with uninitialized memory.Buffer.from(array)
- Create aBuffer
with a copy ofarray
Buffer.from(arrayBuffer[, byteOffset[, length]])
- Create aBuffer
that wraps the givenarrayBuffer
.Buffer.from(buffer)
- Create aBuffer
that copiesbuffer
.Buffer.from(string[, encoding])
- Create aBuffer
that copiesstring
.
DEP0006: child_process options.customFds
Type: Runtime
Within the child_process
module's spawn()
, fork()
, and exec()
methods, the options.customFds
option is deprecated. The options.stdio
option should be used instead.
DEP0007: Replace cluster worker.suicide with worker.exitedAfterDisconnect
Type: End-of-Life
In an earlier version of the Node.js cluster
, a boolean property with the name
suicide
was added to the Worker
object. The intent of this property was to
provide an indication of how and why the Worker
instance exited. In Node.js
6.0.0, the old property was deprecated and replaced with a new
worker.exitedAfterDisconnect
property. The old property name did not
precisely describe the actual semantics and was unnecessarily emotion-laden.
DEP0008: require('constants')
Type: Documentation-only
The constants
module has been deprecated. When requiring access to constants
relevant to specific Node.js builtin modules, developers should instead refer
to the constants
property exposed by the relevant module. For instance,
require('fs').constants
and require('os').constants
.
DEP0009: crypto.pbkdf2 without digest
Type: End-of-life
Use of the crypto.pbkdf2()
API without specifying a digest was deprecated
in Node.js 6.0 because the method defaulted to using the non-recommendend
'SHA1'
digest. Previously, a deprecation warning was printed. Starting in
Node.js 8.0.0, calling crypto.pbkdf2()
or crypto.pbkdf2Sync()
with an
undefined digest
will throw a TypeError
.
DEP0010: crypto.createCredentials
Type: Runtime
The crypto.createCredentials()
API is deprecated. Please use
tls.createSecureContext()
instead.
DEP0011: crypto.Credentials
Type: Runtime
The crypto.Credentials
class is deprecated. Please use tls.SecureContext
instead.
DEP0012: Domain.dispose
Type: Runtime
Domain.dispose()
is deprecated. Recover from failed I/O actions
explicitly via error event handlers set on the domain instead.
DEP0013: fs asynchronous function without callback
Type: Runtime
Calling an asynchronous function without a callback is deprecated.
DEP0014: fs.read legacy String interface
Type: End-of-Life
The fs.read()
legacy String interface is deprecated. Use the Buffer API as
mentioned in the documentation instead.
DEP0015: fs.readSync legacy String interface
Type: End-of-Life
The fs.readSync()
legacy String interface is deprecated. Use the Buffer
API as mentioned in the documentation instead.
DEP0016: GLOBAL/root
Type: Runtime
The GLOBAL
and root
aliases for the global
property have been deprecated
and should no longer be used.
DEP0017: Intl.v8BreakIterator
Type: Runtime
The Intl.v8BreakIterator
is deprecated and will be removed or replaced soon.
DEP0018: Unhandled promise rejections
Type: Runtime
Unhandled promise rejections are deprecated. In the future, promise rejections that are not handled will terminate the Node.js process with a non-zero exit code.
DEP0019: require('.') resolved outside directory
Type: End-of-Life
In certain cases, require('.')
may resolve outside the package directory.
This behavior is deprecated and will be removed in a future major Node.js
release.
DEP0020: Server.connections
Type: Runtime
The Server.connections
property is deprecated. Please use the
Server.getConnections()
method instead.
DEP0021: Server.listenFD
Type: Runtime
The Server.listenFD()
method is deprecated. Please use
Server.listen({fd: <number>})
instead.
DEP0022: os.tmpDir()
Type: Runtime
The os.tmpDir()
API is deprecated. Please use os.tmpdir()
instead.
DEP0023: os.getNetworkInterfaces()
Type: Runtime
The os.getNetworkInterfaces()
method is deprecated. Please use the
os.networkInterfaces
property instead.
DEP0024: REPLServer.prototype.convertToContext()
Type: End-of-Life
The REPLServer.prototype.convertToContext()
API is deprecated and should
not be used.
DEP0025: require('sys')
Type: Runtime
The sys
module is deprecated. Please use the util
module instead.
DEP0026: util.print()
Type: Runtime
The util.print()
API is deprecated. Please use console.log()
instead.
DEP0027: util.puts()
Type: Runtime
The util.puts()
API is deprecated. Please use console.log()
instead.
DEP0028: util.debug()
Type: Runtime
The util.debug()
API is deprecated. Please use console.error()
instead.
DEP0029: util.error()
Type: Runtime
The util.error()
API is deprecated. Please use console.error()
instead.
DEP0030: SlowBuffer
Type: Documentation-only
The SlowBuffer
class has been deprecated. Please use
Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(size)
instead.
DEP0031: ecdh.setPublicKey()
Type: Documentation-only
The ecdh.setPublicKey()
method is now deprecated as its inclusion in the
API is not useful.
DEP0032: domain module
Type: Documentation-only
The domain
module is deprecated and should not be used.
DEP0033: EventEmitter.listenerCount()
Type: Documentation-only
The EventEmitter.listenerCount(emitter, eventName)
API has been
deprecated. Please use emitter.listenerCount(eventName)
instead.
DEP0034: fs.exists(path, callback)
Type: Documentation-only
The fs.exists(path, callback)
API has been deprecated. Please use
fs.stat()
or fs.access()
instead.
DEP0035: fs.lchmod(path, mode, callback)
Type: Documentation-only
The fs.lchmod(path, mode, callback)
API has been deprecated.
DEP0036: fs.lchmodSync(path, mode)
Type: Documentation-only
The fs.lchmodSync(path, mode)
API has been deprecated.
DEP0037: fs.lchown(path, uid, gid, callback)
Type: Documentation-only
The fs.lchown(path, uid, gid, callback)
API has been deprecated.
DEP0038: fs.lchownSync(path, uid, gid)
Type: Documentation-only
The fs.lchownSync(path, uid, gid)
API has been deprecated.
DEP0039: require.extensions
Type: Documentation-only
The require.extensions
property has been deprecated.
DEP0040: punycode module
Type: Documentation-only
The punycode
module has been deprecated. Please use a userland alternative
instead.
DEP0041: NODE_REPL_HISTORY_FILE environment variable
Type: Documentation-only
The NODE_REPL_HISTORY_FILE
environment variable has been deprecated.
DEP0042: tls.CryptoStream
Type: Documentation-only
The tls.CryptoStream
class has been deprecated. Please use
tls.TLSSocket
instead.
DEP0043: tls.SecurePair
Type: Documentation-only
The tls.SecurePair
class has been deprecated. Please use
tls.TLSSocket
instead.
DEP0044: util.isArray()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isArray()
API has been deprecated. Please use Array.isArray()
instead.
DEP0045: util.isBoolean()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isBoolean()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0046: util.isBuffer()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isBuffer()
API has been deprecated. Please use
Buffer.isBuffer()
instead.
DEP0047: util.isDate()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isDate()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0048: util.isError()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isError()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0049: util.isFunction()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isFunction()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0050: util.isNull()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isNull()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0051: util.isNullOrUndefined()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isNullOrUndefined()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0052: util.isNumber()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isNumber()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0053 util.isObject()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isObject()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0054: util.isPrimitive()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isPrimitive()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0055: util.isRegExp()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isRegExp()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0056: util.isString()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isString()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0057: util.isSymbol()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isSymbol()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0058: util.isUndefined()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.isUndefined()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0059: util.log()
Type: Documentation-only
The util.log()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0060: util._extend()
Type: Documentation-only
The util._extend()
API has been deprecated.
DEP0061: fs.SyncWriteStream
Type: Runtime
The fs.SyncWriteStream
class was never intended to be a publicly accessible
API. No alternative API is available. Please use a userland alternative.
DEP0062: node --debug
Type: Runtime
--debug
activates the legacy V8 debugger interface, which has been removed as
of V8 5.8. It is replaced by Inspector which is activated with --inspect
instead.
DEP0063: ServerResponse.prototype.writeHeader()
Type: Documentation-only
The http
module ServerResponse.prototype.writeHeader()
API has been
deprecated. Please use ServerResponse.prototype.writeHead()
instead.
Note: The ServerResponse.prototype.writeHeader()
method was never
documented as an officially supported API.
DEP0064: tls.createSecurePair()
Type: Runtime
The tls.createSecurePair()
API was deprecated in documentation in Node.js
0.11.3. Users should use tls.Socket
instead.
DEP0065: repl.REPL_MODE_MAGIC and NODE_REPL_MODE=magic
Type: Documentation-only
The repl
module's REPL_MODE_MAGIC
constant, used for replMode
option, has
been deprecated. Its behavior has been functionally identical to that of
REPL_MODE_SLOPPY
since Node.js v6.0.0, when V8 5.0 was imported. Please use
REPL_MODE_SLOPPY
instead.
The NODE_REPL_MODE
environment variable is used to set the underlying
replMode
of an interactive node
session. Its default value, magic
, is
similarly deprecated in favor of sloppy
.
DEP0066: outgoingMessage._headers, outgoingMessage._headerNames
Type: Documentation-only
The http
module outgoingMessage._headers
and outgoingMessage._headerNames
properties have been deprecated. Please instead use one of the public methods
(e.g. outgoingMessage.getHeader()
, outgoingMessage.getHeaders()
,
outgoingMessage.getHeaderNames()
, outgoingMessage.hasHeader()
,
outgoingMessage.removeHeader()
, outgoingMessage.setHeader()
) for working
with outgoing headers.
Note: outgoingMessage._headers
and outgoingMessage._headerNames
were
never documented as officially supported properties.
DEP0067: OutgoingMessage.prototype._renderHeaders
Type: Documentation-only
The http
module OutgoingMessage.prototype._renderHeaders()
API has been
deprecated.
Note: OutgoingMessage.prototype._renderHeaders
was never documented as
an officially supported API.
DEP0068: node debug
Type: Runtime
node debug
corresponds to the legacy CLI debugger which has been replaced with
a V8-inspector based CLI debugger available through node inspect
.
DEP0069: vm.runInDebugContext(string)
Type: Documentation-only
The DebugContext will be removed in V8 soon and will not be available in Node 10+.
Note: DebugContext was an experimental API.
DEP0070: async_hooks.currentId()
Type: End-of-Life
async_hooks.currentId()
was renamed to async_hooks.executionAsyncId()
for
clarity.
Note: change was made while async_hooks
was an experimental API.
DEP0071: async_hooks.triggerId()
Type: End-of-Life
async_hooks.triggerId()
was renamed to async_hooks.triggerAsyncId()
for
clarity.
Note: change was made while async_hooks
was an experimental API.
DEP0072: async_hooks.AsyncResource.triggerId()
Type: End-of-Life
async_hooks.AsyncResource.triggerId()
was renamed to
async_hooks.AsyncResource.triggerAsyncId()
for clarity.
Note: change was made while async_hooks
was an experimental API.
DEP0073: Several internal properties of net.Server
Type: Runtime
Accessing several internal, undocumented properties of net.Server
instances
with inappropriate names has been deprecated.
Note: As the original API was undocumented and not generally useful for non-internal code, no replacement API is provided.
DEP0074: REPLServer.bufferedCommand
Type: Runtime
The REPLServer.bufferedCommand
property was deprecated in favor of
REPLServer.clearBufferedCommand()
.
DEP0075: REPLServer.parseREPLKeyword()
Type: Runtime
REPLServer.parseREPLKeyword()
was removed from userland visibility.