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643 lines
16 KiB
Python
643 lines
16 KiB
Python
""" CommandLine - Get and parse command line options
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NOTE: This still is very much work in progress !!!
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Different version are likely to be incompatible.
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TODO:
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* Incorporate the changes made by (see Inbox)
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* Add number range option using srange()
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"""
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from __future__ import print_function
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__copyright__ = """\
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Copyright (c), 1997-2006, Marc-Andre Lemburg (mal@lemburg.com)
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Copyright (c), 2000-2006, eGenix.com Software GmbH (info@egenix.com)
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See the documentation for further information on copyrights,
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or contact the author. All Rights Reserved.
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"""
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__version__ = '1.2'
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import sys, getopt, glob, os, re, traceback
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### Helpers
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def _getopt_flags(options):
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""" Convert the option list to a getopt flag string and long opt
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list
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"""
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s = []
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l = []
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for o in options:
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if o.prefix == '-':
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# short option
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s.append(o.name)
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if o.takes_argument:
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s.append(':')
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else:
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# long option
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if o.takes_argument:
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l.append(o.name+'=')
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else:
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l.append(o.name)
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return ''.join(s), l
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def invisible_input(prompt='>>> '):
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""" Get raw input from a terminal without echoing the characters to
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the terminal, e.g. for password queries.
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"""
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import getpass
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entry = getpass.getpass(prompt)
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if entry is None:
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raise KeyboardInterrupt
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return entry
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def fileopen(name, mode='wb', encoding=None):
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""" Open a file using mode.
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Default mode is 'wb' meaning to open the file for writing in
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binary mode. If encoding is given, I/O to and from the file is
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transparently encoded using the given encoding.
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Files opened for writing are chmod()ed to 0600.
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"""
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if name == 'stdout':
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return sys.stdout
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elif name == 'stderr':
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return sys.stderr
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elif name == 'stdin':
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return sys.stdin
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else:
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if encoding is not None:
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import codecs
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f = codecs.open(name, mode, encoding)
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else:
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f = open(name, mode)
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if 'w' in mode:
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os.chmod(name, 0o600)
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return f
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def option_dict(options):
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""" Return a dictionary mapping option names to Option instances.
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"""
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d = {}
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for option in options:
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d[option.name] = option
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return d
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# Alias
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getpasswd = invisible_input
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_integerRE = re.compile('\s*(-?\d+)\s*$')
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_integerRangeRE = re.compile('\s*(-?\d+)\s*-\s*(-?\d+)\s*$')
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def srange(s,
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integer=_integerRE,
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integerRange=_integerRangeRE):
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""" Converts a textual representation of integer numbers and ranges
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to a Python list.
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Supported formats: 2,3,4,2-10,-1 - -3, 5 - -2
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Values are appended to the created list in the order specified
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in the string.
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"""
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l = []
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append = l.append
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for entry in s.split(','):
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m = integer.match(entry)
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if m:
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append(int(m.groups()[0]))
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continue
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m = integerRange.match(entry)
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if m:
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start,end = map(int,m.groups())
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l[len(l):] = range(start,end+1)
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return l
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def abspath(path,
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expandvars=os.path.expandvars,expanduser=os.path.expanduser,
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join=os.path.join,getcwd=os.getcwd):
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""" Return the corresponding absolute path for path.
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path is expanded in the usual shell ways before
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joining it with the current working directory.
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"""
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try:
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path = expandvars(path)
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except AttributeError:
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pass
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try:
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path = expanduser(path)
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except AttributeError:
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pass
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return join(getcwd(), path)
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### Option classes
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class Option:
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""" Option base class. Takes no argument.
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"""
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default = None
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helptext = ''
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prefix = '-'
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takes_argument = 0
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has_default = 0
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tab = 15
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def __init__(self,name,help=None):
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if not name[:1] == '-':
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raise TypeError('option names must start with "-"')
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if name[1:2] == '-':
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self.prefix = '--'
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self.name = name[2:]
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else:
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self.name = name[1:]
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if help:
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self.help = help
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def __str__(self):
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o = self
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name = o.prefix + o.name
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if o.takes_argument:
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name = name + ' arg'
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if len(name) > self.tab:
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name = name + '\n' + ' ' * (self.tab + 1 + len(o.prefix))
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else:
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name = '%-*s ' % (self.tab, name)
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description = o.help
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if o.has_default:
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description = description + ' (%s)' % o.default
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return '%s %s' % (name, description)
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class ArgumentOption(Option):
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""" Option that takes an argument.
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An optional default argument can be given.
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"""
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def __init__(self,name,help=None,default=None):
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# Basemethod
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Option.__init__(self,name,help)
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if default is not None:
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self.default = default
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self.has_default = 1
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self.takes_argument = 1
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class SwitchOption(Option):
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""" Options that can be on or off. Has an optional default value.
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"""
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def __init__(self,name,help=None,default=None):
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# Basemethod
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Option.__init__(self,name,help)
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if default is not None:
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self.default = default
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self.has_default = 1
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### Application baseclass
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class Application:
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""" Command line application interface with builtin argument
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parsing.
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"""
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# Options the program accepts (Option instances)
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options = []
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# Standard settings; these are appended to options in __init__
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preset_options = [SwitchOption('-v',
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'generate verbose output'),
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SwitchOption('-h',
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'show this help text'),
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SwitchOption('--help',
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'show this help text'),
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SwitchOption('--debug',
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'enable debugging'),
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SwitchOption('--copyright',
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'show copyright'),
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SwitchOption('--examples',
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'show examples of usage')]
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# The help layout looks like this:
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# [header] - defaults to ''
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#
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# [synopsis] - formatted as '<self.name> %s' % self.synopsis
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#
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# options:
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# [options] - formatted from self.options
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#
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# [version] - formatted as 'Version:\n %s' % self.version, if given
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#
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# [about] - defaults to ''
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#
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# Note: all fields that do not behave as template are formatted
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# using the instances dictionary as substitution namespace,
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# e.g. %(name)s will be replaced by the applications name.
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#
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# Header (default to program name)
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header = ''
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# Name (defaults to program name)
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name = ''
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# Synopsis (%(name)s is replaced by the program name)
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synopsis = '%(name)s [option] files...'
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# Version (optional)
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version = ''
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# General information printed after the possible options (optional)
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about = ''
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# Examples of usage to show when the --examples option is given (optional)
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examples = ''
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# Copyright to show
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copyright = __copyright__
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# Apply file globbing ?
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globbing = 1
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# Generate debug output ?
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debug = 0
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# Generate verbose output ?
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verbose = 0
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# Internal errors to catch
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InternalError = BaseException
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# Instance variables:
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values = None # Dictionary of passed options (or default values)
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# indexed by the options name, e.g. '-h'
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files = None # List of passed filenames
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optionlist = None # List of passed options
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def __init__(self,argv=None):
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# Setup application specs
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if argv is None:
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argv = sys.argv
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self.filename = os.path.split(argv[0])[1]
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if not self.name:
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self.name = os.path.split(self.filename)[1]
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else:
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self.name = self.name
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if not self.header:
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self.header = self.name
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else:
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self.header = self.header
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# Init .arguments list
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self.arguments = argv[1:]
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# Setup Option mapping
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self.option_map = option_dict(self.options)
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# Append preset options
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for option in self.preset_options:
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if not option.name in self.option_map:
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self.add_option(option)
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# Init .files list
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self.files = []
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# Start Application
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rc = 0
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try:
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# Process startup
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rc = self.startup()
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if rc is not None:
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raise SystemExit(rc)
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# Parse command line
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rc = self.parse()
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if rc is not None:
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raise SystemExit(rc)
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# Start application
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rc = self.main()
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if rc is None:
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rc = 0
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except SystemExit as rcException:
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rc = rcException
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pass
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except KeyboardInterrupt:
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print()
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print('* User Break')
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print()
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rc = 1
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except self.InternalError:
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print()
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print('* Internal Error (use --debug to display the traceback)')
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if self.debug:
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print()
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traceback.print_exc(20, sys.stdout)
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elif self.verbose:
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print(' %s: %s' % sys.exc_info()[:2])
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print()
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rc = 1
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raise SystemExit(rc)
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def add_option(self, option):
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""" Add a new Option instance to the Application dynamically.
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Note that this has to be done *before* .parse() is being
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executed.
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"""
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self.options.append(option)
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self.option_map[option.name] = option
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def startup(self):
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""" Set user defined instance variables.
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If this method returns anything other than None, the
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process is terminated with the return value as exit code.
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"""
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return None
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def exit(self, rc=0):
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""" Exit the program.
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rc is used as exit code and passed back to the calling
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program. It defaults to 0 which usually means: OK.
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"""
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raise SystemExit(rc)
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def parse(self):
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""" Parse the command line and fill in self.values and self.files.
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After having parsed the options, the remaining command line
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arguments are interpreted as files and passed to .handle_files()
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for processing.
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As final step the option handlers are called in the order
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of the options given on the command line.
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"""
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# Parse arguments
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self.values = values = {}
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for o in self.options:
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if o.has_default:
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values[o.prefix+o.name] = o.default
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else:
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values[o.prefix+o.name] = 0
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flags,lflags = _getopt_flags(self.options)
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try:
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optlist,files = getopt.getopt(self.arguments,flags,lflags)
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if self.globbing:
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l = []
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for f in files:
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gf = glob.glob(f)
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if not gf:
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l.append(f)
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else:
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l[len(l):] = gf
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files = l
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self.optionlist = optlist
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self.files = files + self.files
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except getopt.error as why:
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self.help(why)
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sys.exit(1)
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# Call file handler
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rc = self.handle_files(self.files)
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if rc is not None:
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sys.exit(rc)
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# Call option handlers
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for optionname, value in optlist:
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# Try to convert value to integer
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try:
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value = int(value)
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except ValueError:
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pass
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# Find handler and call it (or count the number of option
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# instances on the command line)
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handlername = 'handle' + optionname.replace('-', '_')
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try:
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handler = getattr(self, handlername)
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except AttributeError:
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if value == '':
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# count the number of occurances
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if optionname in values:
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values[optionname] = values[optionname] + 1
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else:
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values[optionname] = 1
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else:
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values[optionname] = value
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else:
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rc = handler(value)
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if rc is not None:
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raise SystemExit(rc)
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# Apply final file check (for backward compatibility)
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rc = self.check_files(self.files)
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if rc is not None:
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sys.exit(rc)
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def check_files(self,filelist):
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""" Apply some user defined checks on the files given in filelist.
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This may modify filelist in place. A typical application
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is checking that at least n files are given.
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If this method returns anything other than None, the
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process is terminated with the return value as exit code.
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"""
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return None
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def help(self,note=''):
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self.print_header()
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if self.synopsis:
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print('Synopsis:')
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# To remain backward compatible:
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try:
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synopsis = self.synopsis % self.name
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except (NameError, KeyError, TypeError):
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synopsis = self.synopsis % self.__dict__
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print(' ' + synopsis)
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print()
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self.print_options()
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if self.version:
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print('Version:')
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print(' %s' % self.version)
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print()
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if self.about:
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about = self.about % self.__dict__
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print(about.strip())
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print()
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if note:
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print('-'*72)
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print('Note:',note)
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print()
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def notice(self,note):
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print('-'*72)
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print('Note:',note)
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print('-'*72)
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print()
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def print_header(self):
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print('-'*72)
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print(self.header % self.__dict__)
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print('-'*72)
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print()
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def print_options(self):
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options = self.options
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print('Options and default settings:')
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if not options:
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print(' None')
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return
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int = [x for x in options if x.prefix == '--']
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short = [x for x in options if x.prefix == '-']
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items = short + int
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for o in options:
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print(' ',o)
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print()
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#
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# Example handlers:
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#
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# If a handler returns anything other than None, processing stops
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# and the return value is passed to sys.exit() as argument.
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#
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# File handler
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def handle_files(self,files):
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""" This may process the files list in place.
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"""
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return None
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# Short option handler
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def handle_h(self,arg):
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self.help()
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return 0
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def handle_v(self, value):
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""" Turn on verbose output.
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"""
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self.verbose = 1
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# Handlers for long options have two underscores in their name
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def handle__help(self,arg):
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self.help()
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return 0
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def handle__debug(self,arg):
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self.debug = 1
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# We don't want to catch internal errors:
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class NoErrorToCatch(Exception): pass
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self.InternalError = NoErrorToCatch
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def handle__copyright(self,arg):
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self.print_header()
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copyright = self.copyright % self.__dict__
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print(copyright.strip())
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print()
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return 0
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def handle__examples(self,arg):
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self.print_header()
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if self.examples:
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print('Examples:')
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print()
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examples = self.examples % self.__dict__
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print(examples.strip())
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print()
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else:
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print('No examples available.')
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print()
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return 0
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def main(self):
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""" Override this method as program entry point.
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The return value is passed to sys.exit() as argument. If
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it is None, 0 is assumed (meaning OK). Unhandled
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exceptions are reported with exit status code 1 (see
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__init__ for further details).
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"""
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return None
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# Alias
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CommandLine = Application
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def _test():
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class MyApplication(Application):
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header = 'Test Application'
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version = __version__
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options = [Option('-v','verbose')]
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def handle_v(self,arg):
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print('VERBOSE, Yeah !')
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cmd = MyApplication()
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if not cmd.values['-h']:
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cmd.help()
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print('files:',cmd.files)
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print('Bye...')
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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_test()
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