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132 lines
4.3 KiB
TeX
132 lines
4.3 KiB
TeX
\section{\module{curses.ascii} ---
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Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters.}
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\declaremodule{standard}{curses.ascii}
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\modulesynopsis{Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters.}
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\moduleauthor{Eric S. Raymond}{esr@thyrsus.com}
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\sectionauthor{Eric S. Raymond}{esr@thyrsus.com}
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\versionadded{1.6}
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The \module{curses.ascii} module supplies name constants for ASCII characters
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and functions to test membership in various ASCII character classes.
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The constants supplied are names for control characters as follows:
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NUL, SOH, STX, ETX, EOT, ENQ, ACK, BEL, BS, TAB, HT, LF, NL, VT, FF, CR,
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SO, SI, DLE, DC1, DC2, DC3, DC4, NAK, SYN, ETB, CAN, EM, SUB, ESC, FS,
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GS, RS, US, SP, DEL.
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NL and LF are synonyms; so are HT and TAB. The module also supplies
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the following functions, patterned on those in the standard C library:
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\begin{funcdesc}{isalnum}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII alphanumeric character; it is equivalent to
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isalpha(c) or isdigit(c))
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isalpha}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII alphabetic character; it is equivalent to
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isupper(c) or islower(c))
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isascii}{c}
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Checks for a character value that fits in the 7-bit ASCII set.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isblank}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII alphanumeric character; it is equivalent to
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isalpha(c) or isdigit(c))
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{iscntrl}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII control character (range 0x00 to 0x1f).
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isdigit}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII decimal digit, 0 through 9.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isgraph}{c}
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Checks for ASCII any printable character except space.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{islower}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII lower-case character.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isprint}{c}
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Checks for any ASCII printable character including space.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{ispunct}{c}
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Checks for any printable ASCII character which is not a space or an
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alphanumeric character.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isspace}{c}
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Checks for ASCII white-space characters; space, tab, line feed,
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carriage return, form feed, horizontal tab, vertical tab.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isupper}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII uppercase letter.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isxdigit}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII hexadecimal digit, i.e. one of 0123456789abcdefABCDEF.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{isctrl}{c}
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Checks for an ASCII control character, bit values 0 to 31.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{ismeta}{c}
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Checks for a (non-ASCII) character, bit values 0x80 and above.
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\end{funcdesc}
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These functions accept either integers or strings; when the argument
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is a string, it is first converted using the built-in function ord().
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Note that all these functions check ordinal bit values derived from the
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first character of the string you pass in; they do not actually know
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anything about the host machine's character encoding. For functions
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that know about the character encoding (and handle
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internationalization properly) see the string module.
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The following two functions take either a single-character string or
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integer byte value; they return a value of the same type.
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\begin{funcdesc}{ascii}{c}
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Return the ASCII value corresponding to the low 7 bits of c.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{ctrl}{c}
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Return the control character corresponding to the given character
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(the character bit value is logical-anded with 0x1f).
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{alt}{c}
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Return the 8-bit character corresponding to the given ASCII character
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(the character bit value is logical-ored with 0x80).
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\end{funcdesc}
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The following function takes either a single-character string or
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integer byte value; it returns a string.
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\begin{funcdesc}{unctrl}{c}
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Return a string representation of the ASCII character c. If c is
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printable, this string is the character itself. If the character
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is a control character (0x00-0x1f) the string consists of a caret
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(^) followed by the corresponding uppercase letter. If the character
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is an ASCII delete (0x7f) the string is "^?". If the character has
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its meta bit (0x80) set, the meta bit is stripped, the preceding rules
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applied, and "!" prepended to the result.
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\end{funcdesc}
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Finally, the module supplies a 33-element string array
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called controlnames that contains the ASCII mnemonics for the
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thirty-two ASCII control characters from 0 (NUL) to 0x1f (US),
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in order, plus the mnemonic "SP" for space.
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