mirror of
https://github.com/python/cpython.git
synced 2024-11-24 17:47:13 +01:00
216 lines
7.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
216 lines
7.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. highlightlang:: c
|
|
|
|
.. _moduleobjects:
|
|
|
|
Module Objects
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
.. index:: object: module
|
|
|
|
There are only a few functions special to module objects.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyModule_Type
|
|
|
|
.. index:: single: ModuleType (in module types)
|
|
|
|
This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python module type. This
|
|
is exposed to Python programs as ``types.ModuleType``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_Check(PyObject *p)
|
|
|
|
Return true if *p* is a module object, or a subtype of a module object.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_CheckExact(PyObject *p)
|
|
|
|
Return true if *p* is a module object, but not a subtype of
|
|
:c:data:`PyModule_Type`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: PyObject* PyModule_New(const char *name)
|
|
|
|
.. index::
|
|
single: __name__ (module attribute)
|
|
single: __doc__ (module attribute)
|
|
single: __file__ (module attribute)
|
|
|
|
Return a new module object with the :attr:`__name__` attribute set to *name*.
|
|
Only the module's :attr:`__doc__` and :attr:`__name__` attributes are filled in;
|
|
the caller is responsible for providing a :attr:`__file__` attribute.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: PyObject* PyModule_GetDict(PyObject *module)
|
|
|
|
.. index:: single: __dict__ (module attribute)
|
|
|
|
Return the dictionary object that implements *module*'s namespace; this object
|
|
is the same as the :attr:`__dict__` attribute of the module object. This
|
|
function never fails. It is recommended extensions use other
|
|
:c:func:`PyModule_\*` and :c:func:`PyObject_\*` functions rather than directly
|
|
manipulate a module's :attr:`__dict__`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: char* PyModule_GetName(PyObject *module)
|
|
|
|
.. index::
|
|
single: __name__ (module attribute)
|
|
single: SystemError (built-in exception)
|
|
|
|
Return *module*'s :attr:`__name__` value. If the module does not provide one,
|
|
or if it is not a string, :exc:`SystemError` is raised and *NULL* is returned.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: char* PyModule_GetFilename(PyObject *module)
|
|
|
|
Similar to :c:func:`PyModule_GetFilenameObject` but return the filename
|
|
encoded to 'utf-8'.
|
|
|
|
.. deprecated:: 3.2
|
|
:c:func:`PyModule_GetFilename` raises :c:type:`UnicodeEncodeError` on
|
|
unencodable filenames, use :c:func:`PyModule_GetFilenameObject` instead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: PyObject* PyModule_GetFilenameObject(PyObject *module)
|
|
|
|
.. index::
|
|
single: __file__ (module attribute)
|
|
single: SystemError (built-in exception)
|
|
|
|
Return the name of the file from which *module* was loaded using *module*'s
|
|
:attr:`__file__` attribute. If this is not defined, or if it is not a
|
|
unicode string, raise :exc:`SystemError` and return *NULL*; otherwise return
|
|
a reference to a :c:type:`PyUnicodeObject`.
|
|
|
|
.. versionadded:: 3.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: void* PyModule_GetState(PyObject *module)
|
|
|
|
Return the "state" of the module, that is, a pointer to the block of memory
|
|
allocated at module creation time, or *NULL*. See
|
|
:c:member:`PyModuleDef.m_size`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: PyModuleDef* PyModule_GetDef(PyObject *module)
|
|
|
|
Return a pointer to the :c:type:`PyModuleDef` struct from which the module was
|
|
created, or *NULL* if the module wasn't created with
|
|
:c:func:`PyModule_Create`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Initializing C modules
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
These functions are usually used in the module initialization function.
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: PyObject* PyModule_Create(PyModuleDef *module)
|
|
|
|
Create a new module object, given the definition in *module*. This behaves
|
|
like :c:func:`PyModule_Create2` with *module_api_version* set to
|
|
:const:`PYTHON_API_VERSION`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: PyObject* PyModule_Create2(PyModuleDef *module, int module_api_version)
|
|
|
|
Create a new module object, given the definition in *module*, assuming the
|
|
API version *module_api_version*. If that version does not match the version
|
|
of the running interpreter, a :exc:`RuntimeWarning` is emitted.
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
Most uses of this function should be using :c:func:`PyModule_Create`
|
|
instead; only use this if you are sure you need it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:type:: PyModuleDef
|
|
|
|
This struct holds all information that is needed to create a module object.
|
|
There is usually only one static variable of that type for each module, which
|
|
is statically initialized and then passed to :c:func:`PyModule_Create` in the
|
|
module initialization function.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: PyModuleDef_Base m_base
|
|
|
|
Always initialize this member to :const:`PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT`.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: char* m_name
|
|
|
|
Name for the new module.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: char* m_doc
|
|
|
|
Docstring for the module; usually a docstring variable created with
|
|
:c:func:`PyDoc_STRVAR` is used.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: Py_ssize_t m_size
|
|
|
|
If the module object needs additional memory, this should be set to the
|
|
number of bytes to allocate; a pointer to the block of memory can be
|
|
retrieved with :c:func:`PyModule_GetState`. If no memory is needed, set
|
|
this to ``-1``.
|
|
|
|
This memory should be used, rather than static globals, to hold per-module
|
|
state, since it is then safe for use in multiple sub-interpreters. It is
|
|
freed when the module object is deallocated, after the :c:member:`m_free`
|
|
function has been called, if present.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: PyMethodDef* m_methods
|
|
|
|
A pointer to a table of module-level functions, described by
|
|
:c:type:`PyMethodDef` values. Can be *NULL* if no functions are present.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: inquiry m_reload
|
|
|
|
Currently unused, should be *NULL*.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: traverseproc m_traverse
|
|
|
|
A traversal function to call during GC traversal of the module object, or
|
|
*NULL* if not needed.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: inquiry m_clear
|
|
|
|
A clear function to call during GC clearing of the module object, or
|
|
*NULL* if not needed.
|
|
|
|
.. c:member:: freefunc m_free
|
|
|
|
A function to call during deallocation of the module object, or *NULL* if
|
|
not needed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_AddObject(PyObject *module, const char *name, PyObject *value)
|
|
|
|
Add an object to *module* as *name*. This is a convenience function which can
|
|
be used from the module's initialization function. This steals a reference to
|
|
*value*. Return ``-1`` on error, ``0`` on success.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_AddIntConstant(PyObject *module, const char *name, long value)
|
|
|
|
Add an integer constant to *module* as *name*. This convenience function can be
|
|
used from the module's initialization function. Return ``-1`` on error, ``0`` on
|
|
success.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_AddStringConstant(PyObject *module, const char *name, const char *value)
|
|
|
|
Add a string constant to *module* as *name*. This convenience function can be
|
|
used from the module's initialization function. The string *value* must be
|
|
null-terminated. Return ``-1`` on error, ``0`` on success.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_AddIntMacro(PyObject *module, macro)
|
|
|
|
Add an int constant to *module*. The name and the value are taken from
|
|
*macro*. For example ``PyModule_AddConstant(module, AF_INET)`` adds the int
|
|
constant *AF_INET* with the value of *AF_INET* to *module*.
|
|
Return ``-1`` on error, ``0`` on success.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. c:function:: int PyModule_AddStringMacro(PyObject *module, macro)
|
|
|
|
Add a string constant to *module*.
|